Listed Building

The only legal part of the listing under the Planning (Listing Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997 is the address/name of site. Addresses and building names may have changed since the date of listing – see 'About Listed Buildings' below for more information. The further details below the 'Address/Name of Site' are provided for information purposes only.

Address/Name of Site

CAMBUSBARRON, 19-82 (INCLUSIVE NOS) WOOLCARDER'S COURT, 1-24 (INCLUSIVE NOS) HAYFORD MILLS, 30-39 (INCLUSIVE NOS) HAYFORD MILLS AND FORMER HAYFORD MILLS INCLUDING ENGINE HOUSE, BOILER HOUSE, WEAVING SHED, WILLYING HOUSE AND PONDLB19117

Status: Designated

Documents

There are no additional online documents for this record.

Summary

Category
A
Date Added
29/07/2011
Supplementary Information Updated
05/12/2022
Local Authority
Stirling
Planning Authority
Stirling
Parish
St Ninians
NGR
NS 77530 92843
Coordinates
277530, 692843

Description

Circa 1860-80. Former woollen mill complex; iron work by Wylie and Davie, Stirling Foundry, (name cast into beams in weaving shed), James Davie & Sons from 1873. Two-, three- and four-storey brick built mill buildings with red and white polychrome treatment. All converted to residential dwellings around 2003 (2022). Glazing pattern originally six-(round-headed) or nine-pane, altered and replacement windows inserted throughout (2022).

19-82 HAYFORD MILLS, ENGINE HOUSE AND BOILER HOUSE: circa 1865-71, former B4, B5, B6 mule spinning mill and later store, transformer house and loading bay; four-storey with 25-bay elevations to northwest and southeast. Tenth and northeast stair bay (with three-bays of First World War latrines to right) projects from former, later sheet metal-clad lift tower projects from the latter (the latrines and lift tower removed prior to 2022). Cast-iron tie-plates between alternate bays. Six blind bays to southwest. Five tall, arcaded bays to northeast with dentil cornice, twin pilaster angles and later lift tower in centre (removed prior to 2022). Single-storey boiler house adjoins northeast elevation. Polychrome brick with ashlar cornice, wall partly slapped out at a later date for access to mill. Engine house rubble-built side and rear, polychrome brick front with three tall arched windows over door. Boiler house and Engine house have no roofs (2022), formerly piended slate M-roof, ridge ventilators to boiler house.

INTERIOR: mill; three rows of 24 cast-iron columns with saddles, one row with bearing pads, carry crosswise timber beams, lengthwise at third floor. Steel reinforcements to lower floors. Fine stair. Converted to residential dwellings around 2003. Boiler house and Engine house have no interiors (2022). Engine house originally noted as having elaborate boarded and panelled ceiling with hooks and ornate ventilators.

30-39 HAYFORD MILLS: circa 1865-70, former B11, B11A, B12 probable dyehouse and later radio and lamp stores and workshop; two-storey 21-by-four bay block with first floor round-arched windows, cill course and dentil cornice. Seven westmost bays appear to be a slightly later extension in the same style. Single-storey two-by-five bay piend roofed outshot to northwest (no longer evident, 2022). Blocks 9 and 10, new boiler house, are later extensions of lesser interest. Piended M-roof.

INTERIOR: single row cast-iron columns carry composite twin timber beams tensioned by wrought-iron. New concrete floor and steel supports. Converted to residential dwelling around 2003.

1-24 HAYFORD MILLS: circa 1871-80; former B14, B15 probable finishing department and woth counting house and later stores, loading bay and office; three-storey six-by-12 bay (14-bay north elevation) quadrilateral block. First floor segmental-arched, second floor round arched, windows with Greek Key pattern and double dentil cornice over. Alternate bays pilastered and polychrome wallhead stacks to long elevations. Square-section four-storey hoist at northwest angle with twin blind recessed arched bays and pyramidal roof. Three piended slate roofs.

INTERIOR: two rows of cast-iron columns with pierced saddles carry timber cross beams later reinforced with brick and steel at lower floors. (Apparently little power was required here). Open king post roofs. Two stairs (for blue and white collar workers). Counting house at southeast angle has timber boarded ceilings, fire places and shouldered arched lodge partitions. Converted to residential dwelling around circa 2003.

POND: circa 1833-58: Oval rubble-built and coped cooling pond. (Filtering beds formerly lay to either side). Now filled in and landscaped (2022).

Rubble built boundary wall northwest to mill, with square gatepiers to original mill of 1833. Gateway blocked. Boundary wall and gatepiers no longer appear to remain (2022).

Statement of Special Interest

Also known as Hayford and Parkvale mill. Founded 1833 (datestone relocated at entrance on demolition of original mill between 1913-1942), by John Campbell, William Watson and Alexander Donaldson, bought in 1845 by Robert Smith of Old Bridge Mill, Stirling, who built the nearby Hayford House in 1850 (listed category B, LB19118) and died in 1859. Hayford Mills became the largest factory in Stirlingshire, after Carron Ironworks, employing 950 people in 1869 (530 power looms, 13 carding setts and six steam engines of 300hp). An enlargement in 1871 brought the number to 1200. The chief product was ladies wincey-woolen wefts and Lancashire cotton warps (hence the preponderance of looms). The mills closed in 1896, when Robert Smith Jun. withdrew his finance and invested in Australian gold mines (he died the night of a stormy board meeting in 1901 when it emerged that his Northern Territories Company was a bad investment). During the First World War the mill was a training barracks for the King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB) and machine gun shelters were erected at the end of Swiney Road. Between the wars the complex operated briefly as a carpet factory, and after the Second World War it was a government civil defence store.

A rare surviving example of a large mill complex. Despite changes to the main blocks and the loss of some associated buildings, the complex retains much of its historic character. It is of special architectural and historic interest as one of the largest and most complete vertically integrated woollen mills in Scotland. The construction of the former weaving sheds (now demolished, 2022) is was similar to that of Templeton's, Glasgow, also built by Davie of Stirling Foundry, but demolished for car parking.

Former mule spinning mill, probable finishing department, woth counting house and probable dyehouse were converted to residential use around 2003.

Weaving sheds (1860-70) and former willying house (1865-80) were severely damaged by a storm in 2012 and were later demolished (2022). There has been a multi-phase residential redevelopment of the site since the early 21st century, including new build houses and flats.

Statutory address updated from 'Cambusbarron, Hayford Mills' in 2011.

Listed building record updated in 2022.

References

Bibliography

Canmore, https://canmore.org.uk/site/46182

Ordnance Survey (surveyed 1860, published 1862) Stirlingshire XVII.2 (St. Ninian's) First Edition, 25 inches to the mile. Southampton: Ordnance Survey.

Ordnance Survey (revised 1896, published 1897) Stirlingshire XVII.2 Second and later Editions, 25 inches to the mile. Southampton: Ordnance Survey.

Ordnance Survey (revised 1913, published 1918) Stirlingshire nXVII.6 Second and later Editions, 25 inches to the mile. Southampton: Ordnance Survey.

Ordnance Survey (revised 1942, published 1947) Stirlingshire nXVII.6 Second and later Editions, 25 inches to the mile. Southampton: Ordnance Survey.

Ordnance Survey (revised 1942, published 1947) NS79SE - A/* National Grid Maps, 6 inches to the mile. Southampton: Ordnance Survey.

Bremner, D. (1869) Industries of Scotland, pp. 206-7.

Fire in Willying House, Stirling Observer (13 January 1887).

Gifford, John, Walker, Frank Arneil and Fawcett Richard (2002) The Buildings of Scotland, Stirling and Central Scotland, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, p. 302.

Hayford Mills, Dictionary of Scottish Architects, http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/building_full.php?id=205472 [accessed 10/11/2022].

Hume, J.R. (1976) The Industrial Archaeology of Scotland, 1, Lowlands and Borders, p. 256.

James Smith Obituary, Stirling Observer (1901).

Minchinton, W. (1984) A guide to industrial archaeology sites in Britain. London, p. 164.

P J Patterson, Bygone Days in Cambusbarron (1981).

About Listed Buildings

Historic Environment Scotland is responsible for designating sites and places at the national level. These designations are Scheduled monuments, Listed buildings, Inventory of gardens and designed landscapes and Inventory of historic battlefields.

We make recommendations to the Scottish Government about historic marine protected areas, and the Scottish Ministers decide whether to designate.

Listing is the process that identifies, designates and provides statutory protection for buildings of special architectural or historic interest as set out in the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997.

We list buildings which are found to be of special architectural or historic interest using the selection guidance published in Designation Policy and Selection Guidance (2019)

Listed building records provide an indication of the special architectural or historic interest of the listed building which has been identified by its statutory address. The description and additional information provided are supplementary and have no legal weight.

These records are not definitive historical accounts or a complete description of the building(s). If part of a building is not described it does not mean it is not listed. The format of the listed building record has changed over time. Earlier records may be brief and some information will not have been recorded.

The legal part of the listing is the address/name of site which is known as the statutory address. Other than the name or address of a listed building, further details are provided for information purposes only. Historic Environment Scotland does not accept any liability for any loss or damage suffered as a consequence of inaccuracies in the information provided. Addresses and building names may have changed since the date of listing. Even if a number or name is missing from a listing address it will still be listed. Listing covers both the exterior and the interior and any object or structure fixed to the building. Listing also applies to buildings or structures not physically attached but which are part of the curtilage (or land) of the listed building as long as they were erected before 1 July 1948.

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